In 1913, the famous Eng­lish math­e­mati­cian G. H. Hardy received a let­ter from an unknown Hin­du clerk in Madras, India, named Srini­vasa Ramanu­jan. Attached to the let­ter were more than a hun­dred math­e­mat­i­cal the­o­rems, stat­ed with­out any indi­ca­tion of how they they were derived.